Chimney



Feb. 26 1924.

F. F. BEEBY CHIMNEY 2 Sheets-Sheet? Filed Aug. 13 1921 Patented Feb. 2, 1924.

FRANK F. IBEEIBY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR T0 CEMENT GUN CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

CHIMNEY.

Application filed August 18, 1921. Serial No. 191,907.

To all whom it may concern; I

Be it known that I, FRANK F. BEEBY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a: certain new and useful Improvement in Chimneys, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to composite chimneys, one form of my invention embodying concrete chimneys built about steel stacks already in place. My chimney is particularly adapted to be constructed by the projection of liquid concrete against the outer surface of the chimney, which surface, which is preferably covered with an intermediate flexible coating or membrane, acts as a base against which concrete may be projected, although, of course, it might be constructed by other methods. Further purposes will appear from time to time in the course of the" specifications.

I illustrate my'invention' more or less diagrammatically in the following figures, wherein:

Figure 1 is an elevation of my chimney with parts broken away;

Figure 2 is a plan View of the anchorage of my chimney;

Figure 3 is a section on the lines 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Figure 4 is a section on the lines 14 of Fig. 1;

Like parts are represented by like symbols in all of the figures. A is any suitable base or supporting structure to which a steel chimney A is attached. A are anchor bolts, fixed in the base A and securing, with the nuts A the members A which anchor the enlarged base of the steel chimney to its.

foundation. I employ this structure as an anchorage for my concrete chimney reinforcement. A are angle irons or any other suitable structural members secured to the members A by the bolts A and nuts A and A are channel irons suitably secured to A and extending about the chimney. B are vertical reinforcing bars which may be hooked about and wired to the irons A or, where the length of the bar below the channel gives sufficient anchorage, may merely be grounded on the base A. B are horizontal circular reinforcing bars or bands, spaced along and secured to the bars B in any suitable manner, as is common in reinforced concrete structures. 13 is reinforcing'netting or mesh disposed in one or more layers throughout the chimney structure. C 1s the gunite or concrete in which the reinforcement is imbedded. D is a membrane or covering of an expansible, compressible, and preferably heat insulating material, such as asbestos fibre board or any other similar product, which, by virtue of its compressibility or of its more or less loose application, or of its spacing function between the concrete and the steel, gives the steel stack a chance to expand when heated with out straining or cracking the reinforced concrete shell.

One method of construction is as follows:

I build my concrete chimney about a steel stack which is weakening or leaking, or for any other reason needs strengthening or replacement. The steel stack serves as centering for the reinforcement, and acts as the bgse or mold against which the concrete is s ot.

Steel stacks are firmly anchored to their foundations by anchor bolts imbedded in the masonry or concrete, which clamp the base of the chimney in place. I may use these anchor bolts as the anchorage for my reinforcing structure. In the drawings I illustrate a specific form of anchorage, but it will differ from stack to stack, and my invention is in no sense limited to the details of anchorage and reinforcement shown; In the illustrated form I secure channel irons to the anchor bolts and use them .as the anchorage of the concrete stack.

The reinforcement is the combination usual in the art of vertical rods, horizontal rods or hoops, wired to the verticals, and wire or expanded metal mesh. The vertical rods may be grounded on the foundation as in the illustrated form, or may be hooked about, or otherwise firmly secured to the structural members about the base of the stack. If the length of the bar below the channel structural member is considerable, it will be sufficiently anchored by the concrete to obviate the necessity of looping or hooking it about the member. The reinforcing structure of the particular chimney herein illustrated is spaced away from the stack by any suitable means, and particularly it is entirely independent of any structural connection with the stack, as contrasted to a reinforcing structure which might be bolted to the stack. Before the concrete is applied, and, if convenient, before the reinforcing structure is built up, the central stack is Wrapped about 01' covered with a membrane of some sort, or a compressible, expansible material, such as the asbestos fibre board above mentioned. This material may also. be a heat insulator, and of course, should be fireproof or substantially fireproof.

' When the reinforcement is in position, the

stack may be shot by the well known gunite process, which consists in the projection against the stack of a thin cement, commonly called gunite, shot from a pressure nozzle manually manipulated.

If necessary, the thick portion of the concrete, about the base of the stack, may be poured into a mold. I prefer to' construct the rest of the stack by projecting gunite against the steel stack until the reinforcement is covered to the desired thickness.

One purpose of the use of the compressible insulating layer is to space the concrete structure slightly from the stack to permit the stack to expand, after the concrete is applied, without cracking the outer concrete shell. It sometimes happens when the concrete is shot against a cold chimney without some such protective covering that when the chimney is heated, and particularly where the chimney is a metal one, and unlined with fire-brick, that its expansion will be suflicient to crack the outer concrete structure. This is to a certain extent prevented by a thorough metallic reinforcement which distributes the stress and, in effect, permits the outer concrete structure to crack slightly in a number of places without possibly interfering with its use. With the use of the compressible layer above described, an intermediate space or cushion is provided between the inner stack and the outer concrete shell. Since the two structures are independent and thus spaced apart, the expansion or contraction of the inner chimney in no way affects the stability of the outer covering. This result coating.

might be obtained by merely spacing the two structures apart, but to do so would be diflicult, while the insulating layer above described furnished an easy practical method of accomplishing the result and has the additional merit of making the application of the concrete to a heated chinmey more practical.

While I have shown a particular process for forming a chimney, and a particular chimney produced by this process, I do notlimit myself to the specific chimney shown or to the specific method of constructing it.

2. A composite chimney consisting of an inner chimney structure, an outer reinforced concrete structure surrounding said inner chimney structure and anchored adjacent its base, a layer of compressible material intermediate sald inner and outer chimneys and' extendingsubstantially from top to bottom of the entire chimney,said outer concrete structure being spaced away from and structurally independent of said inner chimney structure throughout substantially the entire height of the chimney.

Signed at Chicago, county of Cook, and

State of Illinois, this 10th day of August,

' FRANK r. BEEBY. 

